All rights reserved. (f) Vet. the creation, and much less in the more noble part of it: nor are which seem to be meant by the phrase, "over all the earth"; that The appearance he presents to an eye suited to contemplate him is his image. Commentary for Genesis 1:26. And God said, Let us make man in our image, after our likeness: and let them have dominion over the fish of the sea, and over the fowl of the air, and over the cattle, and over all the earth, and over every creeping thing that creepeth upon the earth. All of the commentary found here can be purchased, consolidated in hardcopy format as individual softcover books, one for each book of the Torah, or in a five volume set. Genesis 1:26 “Then God said, ‘Let us make mankind in our image, in our likeness, so that they may rule over the fish in the sea and the birds in the sky, over the livestock and all the wild animals, and over all the creatures that move along the ground.’” Explanation and Commentary of Genesis 1:26. In the reason is evolved the distinction of good and evil Genesis 1:4, Genesis 1:31, which is in itself the approval of the former and the disapproval of the latter. Observe, That man was made last of all the creatures, which was both an honour and a favour to him: an honour, for the creation was to advance from that which was less perfect, to that which was more so … Genesis 1:26, ESV: "Then God said, “Let us make man in our image, after our likeness.And let them … preceding clause, and includes male and female, as we find by the . According to this, God determined to give to the man about to be created in His likeness the supremacy, not only over the animal world, but over the earth itself; and this agrees with the blessing in Genesis 1:28, where the newly created man is exhorted to replenish the earth and subdue it; whereas, according to the conjecture of the Syriac, the subjugation of the earth by man would be omitted from the divine decree. This, too, agrees with the whole bearing of the first chapter, which deals in a large general way with genera and species, and not with individuals. In the account of the accomplishment of the divine purpose the words swell into a jubilant song, so that we meet here for the first time with a parallelismus membrorum, the creation of man being celebrated in three parallel clauses. Gerar--The pressure of famine in Canaan forced Isaac with his family and flocks to migrate into the land of the Philistines, where he was exposed to personal danger, as his father had been on account of his wife's beauty; but through the seasonable interposition of Providence, he was preserved … "`aleph', he, `jod', The soul is first, in God’s image. following verse man was created: and over the cattle, and over all the earth; Observe, That man was made last of all the creatures, which was both an honour and a favour to him: an honour, for the creation was to advance from that which was less perfect, to that which was … Hence, wherever man enters he makes his sway to be felt. It was not till after the flood, that men received authority from God to employ the flesh of animals as well as the green herb as food (Genesis 9:3); and the fact that, according to the biblical view, no carnivorous animals existed at the first, may be inferred from the prophetic announcements in Isaiah 11:6-8; Isaiah 65:25, where the cessation of sin and the complete transformation of the world into the kingdom of God are described as being accompanied by the cessation of slaughter and the eating of flesh, even in the case of the animal kingdom. that is, to catch them, and eat them; though in the after grant said, "I was as one brought up with him (or an artificer with Yet man was made the same day that the beasts were; his body was made of the same earth with theirs; and while he is in the body, he inhabits the same earth with them. In the man Christ Jesus both were perfect; and fallen man, when new-created in Christ, attains actually to that perfection which was his only potentially at his first creation, and to which Adam never did attain. our Business, education, law, service industries, medicine, government--wherever you work, in whatever capacity, the Scriptures have something to say about it. This cannot be, because a plurality of qualities exists in everything, without at all leading to the application of the plural number to the individual, and because such a plurality does not warrant the expression, "let us make." The plural form of the sentence raises the question, With whom took he counsel on this occasion? Genesis 1:26-31; View on one page; Download (PDF) Copy sermon Print ; Save View all Sermons. At the same time, it was so far involved in the effects of the fall, that the natural decay of the different animals was changed into a painful death or violent end. declare a plurality, and are expressive of others, being Free eBook: Getting Through the Storms in Life, California - Do Not Sell My Personal Information. By the blessing in Genesis 1:28, God not only confers upon man the power to multiply and fill the earth, as upon the beasts in Genesis 1:22, but also gives him dominion over the earth and every beast. The sixth day, as being the last, is distinguished above all the rest by the article - השּׁשּׁי יום "a day, the sixth" (Gesenius, 111, 2a). It is true that objections have been raised by natural historians to this testimony of Scripture, but without scientific ground. them", which shows that the name "man" is general in the John Calvin :: Commentary on Genesis: Chapter 1 ← Back to John Calvin's Bio & Resources. Man.—Hebrew, Adam. In that literature, so marvellously preserved to our days, Sir H. Rawlinson thinks that he has traced the first man up to the black or Accadian race. BUY TODAY. Remember, too, that … the formation of him; not because of any difficulty attending it, These opening chapters tell us what had been desired by God from the very beginning. earth; But as the identity of "every creeping thing that creepeth upon the earth" (הארץ) with "every thing that creepeth upon the ground" (האדמה) in Genesis 1:25 is not absolutely certain; on the contrary, the change in expression indicates a difference of meaning; and as the Masoretic text is supported by the oldest critical authorities (lxx, Sam., Onk. The word "image" is translated from the Hebrew tselem, and it means "shape, resemblance, figure, shadow. there is none above him, nor any below him, but he is in the In Assyrian the name for man is also adamu, or admu. Proud member By reason we apprehend concrete things in perception and consciousness, and cognize abstract truth, both metaphysical and moral. . But although such passages as 1 Kings 22:19., Psalm 89:8, and Daniel 10, show that God, as King and Judge of the world, is surrounded by heavenly hosts, who stand around His throne and execute His commands, the last interpretation founders upon this rock: either it assumes without sufficient scriptural authority, and in fact in opposition to such distinct passages as Genesis 2:7, Genesis 2:22; Isaiah 40:13 seq., Genesis 44:24, that the spirits took part in the creation of man; or it reduces the plural to an empty phrase, inasmuch as God is made to summon the angels to cooperate in the creation of man, and then, instead of employing them, is represented as carrying out the work alone. Genesis 1:26-27. 119. But there is not an object within the ken of man which he does not aim at making subservient to his purposes. Both were weakened and defiled by the fall, but were still retained in a greater or less degree. He is to be allied to heaven as no other creature on earth is. Just as little ground is there for regarding the plural here and in other passages (Genesis 3:22; Genesis 11:7; Isaiah 6:8; Isaiah 41:22) as reflective, an appeal to self; since the singular is employed in such cases as these, even where God Himself is preparing for any particular work (cf. בּ and כּ are also equally interchangeable, as we may see from a comparison of this verse with Genesis 5:1 and Genesis 5:3. The field of his dominion is "the fish of the sea, the fowl of the skies, the cattle, the whole land, and everything that creepeth on the land." In Genesis 1:26, the verb “make” in the phrase “Let us make” is plural, and so the “us” is not a plural of majesty; it is God speaking to others about making mankind. The fish, the fowl, are beneath the domestic cattle. Fruitfulness/Growth (Genesis 1:28; 2:15, 19-20) To work in God’s image is to bear fruit and multiply … And God said, let us make man in our image, after By speech we make certain easy and sensible acts of our own the signs of the various objects of our contemplative faculties to ourselves and others. Cross references. Summary Although we are not specifically … Now man has lost neither of these two. And if natural science cannot boast that in any one of its many branches it has discovered all the phenomena connected with the animal and human organism of the existing world, how could it pretend to determine or limit the changes through which this organism may have passed in the course of thousands of years? These words are directed not to the earth, out of which man was Every belief and teaching, every event, every figure within Scripture finds itself bound the measures of a pillared image. On the words "in our image, after our likeness" modern commentators have correctly observed, that there is no foundation for the distinction drawn by the Greek, and after them by many of the Latin Fathers, between εἰκών (imago) and ὁμοίωσις (similitudo), the former of which they supposed to represent the physical aspect of the likeness to God, the latter the ethical; but that, on the contrary, the older Lutheran theologians were correct in stating that the two words are synonymous, and are merely combined to add intensity to the thought: "an image which is like Us" (Luther); since it is no more possible to discover a sharp or well-defined distinction in the ordinary use of the words between צלם and דּמוּת, than between בּ and כּ. way of speaking did not obtain very early, not even till the Nizzachon, p. 5. "And they (אדם, a generic term for men) shall have dominion over the fish," etc. But the blessing pronounced is omitted, the author hastening to the account of the creation of man, in which the work of creation culminated. - The relation of man to the creature is now stated. Hence, we are forced to conclude that the plural pronoun indicates a plurality of persons or hypostases in the Divine Being. Wesley's Notes for Genesis 1:26. On the sixth day, God created the crown jewel of his creation, mankind. Genesis 26:1-35.SOJOURN IN GERAR. carriage, or for all of them, some of them for one thing, and Man is to eat of "every seed-bearing herb on the face of all the earth, and every tree on which there are fruits containing seed," consequently of the productions of both field and tree, in other words, of corn and fruit; the animals are to eat of "every green herb," i.e., of vegetables or green plants, and grass. It seldom works that way, however. ((i) Ibid. … Be it observed, for the encouragement of poor tenants who occupy other people's lands, and are honest and industrious, that God blessed him with a great increase. our image, after our likeness": and again, "let us make man"; to His language therefore may be … some for another; and over all the wild beasts of the earth, God made the sky and populated it with birds. These are proofs of the evergrowing sway of man. By will we choose, determine, and resolve upon what is to be done. And there was a famine in the land . divine Creators and Makers in the plural number, ( Job 35:10 ) ( Psalms 149:2 … him), ( Proverbs When we sin we often do so with the futile hope that we shall obtain the maximum amount of pleasure at the minimum penalty. "There is nothing abstract in it. 98. Passage: Then God said, ‘Let us make humankind in our image, according to our likeness; and let them have dominion over the fish of the sea, and over the birds of the air, and over the cattle, and over all the wild animals of the earth, and over every creeping thing that creeps upon the earth.’ So God created humankind in his image, in the image of God he created them; male and female … (t) This image and likeness of God in man is expounded in Eph 4:24 where it is written that man was created after God in righteousness and true holiness meaning by these two words, all perfection, as wisdom, truth, innocency, power, etc. "Likeness" is a more general term, indicating resemblance in any quality, external or internal. of God. Again, as even in the present order of nature the excessive increase of the vegetable kingdom is restrained, not merely by the graminivorous animals, but also by the death of the plants themselves through the exhaustion of their vital powers; so the wisdom of the Creator could easily have set bounds to the excessive increase of the animal world, without requiring the help of huntsmen and beasts of prey, since many animals even now lose their lives by natural means, without being slain by men or eaten by beasts of prey. With this the legends of the heathen world respecting the golden age of the past, and its return at the end of time, also correspond (cf. with ( Genesis Summary: Christ is Lord of His dominion. close of the Old Testament: but they are spoken by God the Father The intent of the creation story is not to give a lesson in physics or biology, but a lesson in the theological order of things. From this it follows, that, according to the creative will of God, men were not to slaughter animals for food, nor were animals to prey upon one another; consequently, that the fact which now prevails universally in nature and the order of the world, the violent and often painful destruction of life, is not a primary law of nature, nor a divine institution founded in the creation itself, but entered the world along with death at the fall of man, and became a necessity of nature through the curse of sin. am that I am, ( Exodus 3:14 ) and he It is that of sovereignty. This precludes all pantheistic notions of the origin of man. Was it with certain other intelligent beings in existence before man that he took counsel? Gesenius on Isaiah 11:6-8). 12:1 ) and Philo the Jew acknowledges that these words No other explanation is left, therefore, than to regard it as pluralis majestatis, - an interpretation which comprehends in its deepest and most intensive form (God speaking of Himself and with Himself in the plural number, not reverentiae causa, but with reference to the fullness of the divine powers and essences which He possesses) the truth that lies at the foundation of the trinitarian view, viz., that the potencies concentrated in the absolute Divine Being are something more than powers and attributes of God; that they are hypostases, which in the further course of the revelation of God in His kingdom appeared with more and more distinctness as persons of the Divine Being. For although at the present time man is fitted by his teeth and alimentary canal for the combination of vegetable and animal food; and although the law of mutual destruction so thoroughly pervades the whole animal kingdom, that not only is the life of one sustained by the death of another, but "as the graminivorous animals check the overgrowth of the vegetable kingdom, so the excessive increase of the former is restricted by the beasts of prey, and of these again by the destructive implements of man;" and although, again, not only beasts of prey, but evident symptoms of disease are met with among the fossil remains of the aboriginal animals: all these facts furnish no proof that the human and animal races were originally constituted for death and destruction, or that disease and slaughter are older than the fall. Here, then, are the great points of conformity to God in man, namely, reason, speech, will, and power. plural number as expressive of honour and majesty; since such a The word אתם, which indicates that God created the man and woman as two human beings, completely overthrows the idea that man was at first androgynous (cf. God forbid that by indulging the body, and the desires of it, we should make ourselves like the beasts … Adam lived 130 years and begot a son in his likeness, after his shape, after his … Genesis 2:18; Psalm 12:5; Isaiah 33:10). co-workers with God in creation F7: and man being the principal Genesis 1:26 The Hebrew word for man (adam) is the generic term for mankind and becomes the proper name Adam Cross references Genesis 1:26 : ch. There, Adam is declared to have fathered a son in his own image and likeness. In the spiritual being that exercises reason and will resides the power to act, which presupposes both these faculties - the reason as informing the will, and the will as directing the power. And God said, let us make man in our image, after our likeness These words are directed not to the earth, out of which man was made, as consulting with it, and to be assisting in the formation of man, as Moses Gerundensis, and other Jewish writers F6, which is wretchedly stupid; nor to the angels, as the Targum of Jonathan, Jarchi, and others, who are not of God's privy council, nor were concerned … God saw His work, and behold it was all very good; i.e., everything perfect in its kind, so that every creature might reach the goal appointed by the Creator, and accomplish the purpose of its existence. The Trinity doctrine is more fully developed in the remainder of Scripture although the Old Testament has foreshadowed it in various passages Psalm 110:1; Isaiah 63:7, 9-10; Proverbs 30:4).
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